Zilliqa (ZIL) is a high-performance blockchain platform designed to solve one of the most persistent challenges in the crypto space: scalability. As decentralized applications (dApps) grow in popularity, networks like Ethereum often face congestion and high fees. Zilliqa aims to change that by offering a fast, secure, and sustainable alternative built on innovative technology. This guide dives deep into what makes Zilliqa unique, how it works, and why ZIL could be a compelling asset in today’s evolving Web3 landscape.
What Is Zilliqa (ZIL)?
Zilliqa is a public, permissionless blockchain engineered for scalability and ease of use. It enables developers to build decentralized applications (dApps) efficiently while maintaining low transaction costs and high throughput. At its core, Zilliqa leverages sharding—a method of splitting the network into smaller segments called shards—to process transactions in parallel, significantly boosting performance.
A key differentiator is Scilla, Zilliqa’s smart contract language. Short for Smart Contract Intermediate-Level Language, Scilla is designed with safety and correctness in mind. It features a strong type system, static analysis tools, and automated vulnerability detection, helping developers write more secure and reliable code. This "safe-by-design" approach reduces the risk of bugs and exploits common in other smart contract environments.
Zilliqa also hosts a growing ecosystem of dApps focused on NFTs, DeFi, gaming, and the creator economy—making it a versatile platform for next-generation digital experiences.
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The Origins of Zilliqa
Zilliqa was first conceptualized in 2016 by Prateek Saxena, an assistant professor at the National University of Singapore (NUS). The project gained momentum with the release of its whitepaper in August 2017, which outlined a vision for a blockchain capable of processing thousands of transactions per second—far exceeding the capabilities of existing networks at the time.
The team aimed to achieve scalability through sharding, a technique rarely implemented in blockchains before Zilliqa. In early 2018, ZIL tokens were issued as ERC-20 tokens on Ethereum during a token generation event. After the mainnet launched in 2019, a token swap moved ZIL onto its native blockchain by February 2020.
Of the total 21 billion ZIL supply:
- 60% was generated during the token sale
- 10% allocated to Anquan Capital
- 12% reserved for Zilliqa Research
- 5% distributed to the founding team
These allocations were released quarterly over three years, ensuring long-term commitment and reducing market volatility.
Founders and Leadership
Zilliqa was co-founded by Prateek Saxena, Juzar Motiwala, and Max Kantelia under Anquan Capital. The development arm, Zilliqa Research, was established in 2017 and led by experienced professionals from NUS.
Today, the leadership team includes:
- Dr. Ben Livshits – CEO (formerly of Brave and Microsoft Research)
- Dr. Amrit Kumar – Chief Scientific Officer and President
- Sandra Helou – Head of Metaverse and NFTs
- Matt Dyer – Head of Growth
- Dr. Ilya Sergey – Lead Language Designer for Scilla
This blend of academic rigor and industry expertise has helped position Zilliqa as a technically sound and forward-thinking blockchain.
How Does Zilliqa Work?
Zilliqa tackles the blockchain trilemma—balancing scalability, security, and decentralization—through a layered architecture combining sharding and practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (pBFT).
Sharding for Scalability
Sharding divides the network into smaller groups of nodes called shards. Each shard processes transactions independently and simultaneously. As more nodes join the network, the number of shards increases, allowing transaction throughput to scale linearly.
For example:
- With 1 shard: ~1,000 transactions per second (TPS)
- With 6 shards: ~6,000 TPS
This design allows Zilliqa to rival centralized systems like Visa in terms of speed while remaining decentralized.
Consensus Mechanism: pBFT + PoW
Zilliqa uses proof-of-work (PoW) only at the start of each epoch (approximately every 24 hours) to assign nodes to shards securely. After this initial step, consensus is achieved via pBFT, where at least two-thirds of nodes must agree on a block before it’s added to the chain.
This hybrid model ensures security without the constant energy drain associated with traditional PoW blockchains like Bitcoin.
What Makes Zilliqa Unique?
Beyond scalability, Zilliqa stands out for its focus on Web3, the creator economy, and the metaverse.
Empowering Creators
Zilliqa supports platforms like XCAD Network, which allows content creators to tokenize their influence and engage fans directly. By removing intermediaries, creators retain more revenue and control over their digital assets.
The Zilliqa Creator Fund, backed by over $10 million, invests in NFT artists, metaverse projects, and community-driven initiatives. It also supports an artist DAO that funds emerging talent on the Zilliqa marketplace.
NFT Innovation with ZRC-6
Zilliqa’s NFT standard, ZRC-6, offers advanced features such as:
- Royalty enforcement
- Batch minting
- Remote state reading
- Flexible metadata handling
These capabilities make it easier for artists and developers to create rich, interactive digital experiences.
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Security and Sustainability
Despite using PoW briefly during epoch transitions, Zilliqa’s energy consumption is minimal compared to pure PoW chains. Analysts estimate that prior to its transition to proof-of-stake, Ethereum required 135 times more hashrate than Zilliqa.
With pBFT handling consensus after shard formation, the network remains highly secure—even if up to one-third of nodes act maliciously.
Additionally, Scilla’s formal verification capabilities reduce smart contract risks, making Zilliqa one of the safer environments for dApp development.
ZIL Tokenomics
ZIL is the native utility token of the Zilliqa blockchain. It powers all interactions within the ecosystem:
- Paying transaction fees (typically 0.1 ZIL)
- Minting NFTs
- Staking and yield farming in DeFi protocols
- Governance via gZIL tokens
Supply Distribution
- Max supply: 21 billion ZIL
- Circulating supply: Over 16.5 billion (as of latest data)
- 80% mined within the first four years
- Remaining supply issued via decreasing block rewards over ten years
This deflationary emission model contrasts sharply with cryptocurrencies that mine indefinitely.
gZIL: Governance Token
Launched in October 2020, gZIL enables on-chain governance. Holders can vote on Zilliqa Improvement Proposals (ZIPs), shaping the platform’s future. With a fixed supply of 559,969 gZIL, it’s available on exchanges like Liquid.com and CEX.io, as well as ZilSwap.
How to Buy and Store ZIL
ZIL is widely available on major centralized exchanges such as Binance, Kraken, and KuCoin. It’s commonly traded against BTC, USDT, and fiat pairs.
You can also purchase ZIL on decentralized exchanges like ZilSwap, where it serves as the base currency.
Storage Options
While exchanges offer convenience, storing ZIL in a private wallet enhances security. Supported wallets include:
- Ledger (hardware)
- Trust Wallet
- Guarda Wallet
- Exodus
- ZilPay (browser extension)
Always follow best practices: enable two-factor authentication and keep recovery phrases offline.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q: Can ZIL be mined?
A: Yes, but mining rewards decrease over time. Full mining concluded within ten years from mainnet launch, aligning with Zilliqa’s controlled inflation model.
Q: Is Zilliqa eco-friendly?
A: Compared to Bitcoin or pre-merge Ethereum, yes. Its limited use of PoW and reliance on pBFT result in significantly lower energy consumption.
Q: What is Scilla used for?
A: Scilla is Zilliqa’s smart contract language, designed for security and formal verification. It minimizes vulnerabilities in dApp logic.
Q: How fast are Zilliqa transactions?
A: Depending on network load, transactions settle in seconds with near-instant finality thanks to pBFT consensus.
Q: Where can I check real-time ZIL price?
A: Use trusted crypto tracking platforms or financial dashboards that provide live ZIL to USD conversion rates and market data.
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Final Thoughts: Is ZIL a Good Investment?
Zilliqa offers a technically robust foundation for scalable dApps with real-world applications in NFTs, DeFi, and digital content creation. Its shift toward supporting the creator economy—backed by strategic partnerships like Metapolis—positions it well in emerging Web3 markets.
While price performance depends on broader market conditions, ZIL’s utility grows alongside its ecosystem. For investors seeking exposure to scalable blockchain infrastructure with sustainability and developer focus, Zilliqa presents a compelling opportunity.
With strong fundamentals, active development, and growing adoption in niche but impactful sectors, ZIL remains a project worth watching in 2025 and beyond.